Which condition results from loss of sympathetic tone to arterioles, leading to vasodilation and hypotension?

• A. Concussion
• B. Brain herniation
• C. Neurogenic hypotension
• D. Spinal shock

Answer: (C)

Loss of sympathetic tone to arterioles means the vessels can no longer constrict, so they dilate. When this happens widespread across the circulation, systemic vascular resistance drops and blood pressure falls — this is neurogenic hypotension. It often follows an injury that disrupts the sympathetic outflow (such as high spinal cord injury), leaving parasympathetic influence unopposed and sometimes producing bradycardia. You may also see warm, dry skin from vasodilation. Spinal shock can involve similar vasodilation, but the term neurogenic hypotension specifically describes the loss of sympathetic vascular tone leading to hypotension.