Which condition is typically managed with oral medications, diet, and exercise rather than insulin?

• A. Type 2 diabetes
• B. Type 1 diabetes
• C. Hypoglycemia
• D. Aortic dissection

Answer: (A)

Type 2 diabetes is typically managed with oral medications, diet, and exercise because it largely involves insulin resistance with a relative insulin deficiency rather than a complete lack of insulin. Oral agents such as metformin help improve how the body uses insulin and reduces glucose production, while lifestyle measures—weight loss, healthy eating, and regular physical activity—improve blood sugar control and reduce cardiovascular risk. Some people with type 2 diabetes may eventually need insulin, but it isn’t required for most initial management. By contrast, type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells, making insulin therapy essential. Hypoglycemia is a low blood sugar state that can complicate diabetes treatment, and aortic dissection is a medical emergency unrelated to routine diabetes management.