Pregnancy induced hypertension is defined as a BP greater than 140/90 mmHg on two or more occasions at 6 hours apart or an increase in systolic BP greater than 30 mmHg. Which term describes this condition?

• A. Pregnancy induced hypertension
• B. Preeclampsia
• C. Eclampsia
• D. Supine hypotensive syndrome

Answer: (A)

This question tests understanding of how hypertension that begins during pregnancy is classified. The described criteria—new high blood pressure after 20 weeks gestation, defined as systolic ≥140 or diastolic ≥90 on two occasions at least six hours apart, or a rise in systolic blood pressure by ≥30 mmHg from baseline—fit the definition of pregnancy-induced hypertension (also called gestational hypertension). This term specifically describes new-onset hypertension during pregnancy without requiring protein in the urine or other organ involvement.

Preeclampsia would involve additional findings such as proteinuria or signs of end-organ dysfunction; eclampsia adds seizures to that picture. Supine hypotensive syndrome is a different condition where lying on the back causes low blood pressure due to reduced venous return. Therefore, the term that best matches the given definition is pregnancy-induced hypertension.