If a patient has heat exhaustion and is conscious, what is an appropriate action?

• A. Offer cool water or electrolyte drink
• B. Encourage caffeinated beverage
• C. Have patient run to a cool area
• D. Do nothing

Answer: (A)

Rehydration with fluids is essential when a conscious patient has heat exhaustion. Heat exhaustion results from dehydration and electrolyte loss after heat exposure, so replacing fluids (and electrolytes) helps restore blood volume, reduce heart rate, improve dizziness and headache, and support the body’s cooling process.

Offering cool water or an electrolyte drink provides both hydration and electrolyte replacement in a way the stomach can handle, especially if the patient can swallow. Small, frequent sips are helpful if there’s any nausea. Avoid caffeinated beverages because caffeine can act as a diuretic and worsen dehydration. Getting the patient to a cooler area and removing excess clothing are important supportive steps, but the key action for this scenario is oral rehydration. Do not do nothing, and asking the patient to run to a cool area is not appropriate because exertion can worsen symptoms.